How to connect to dn42 using Mikrotik RouterOS
Legend
- 1.1.1.1 - peer external IP
- 2.2.2.2 - your external IP
- A private /30 range for the GRE endpoints: 192.168.200.128/30
- 192.168.200.129 - remote GRE IPv4 address
- 192.168.200.130 - local GRE IPv4 address
- fd42:c644:5222:3222::40 - remote GRE IPv6 address
- fd42:c644:5222:3222::41 - local GRE IPv6 address
- YOUR_AS - your AS number (numbers only)
- PEER_AS - peer AS number (numbers only)
RouterOS limitations
- IPSec only supports IKEv1
- OpenVPN only works in tcp mode
- OpenVPN does not support LZO compression
- You can't use /31 subnet for Point-to-Point (PtP) links
Mikrotik/RouterOS can't handle very well /32 on Point-to-Point links (like GRE). There is a separate howto to explain how to setup /32 between in a GRE link (or even a OpenVPN). What is the easy way? Just use any /30 on the GRE Link, either from your assigned DN42 pool address or use a private address like 192.168. Please don't choose from 172.16.0.0/12 or 10.0.0.0/8 because they may overlap with DN42 or ChaosVPN.
RouterOS v7.2 has some nasty bugs when using PTP configuration or IPv6 link local addresses as NEXTHOP. It won't work (confirmed for v7.2 by their support staff).
Tunnel
IPSec
First, let's add IPSec peer and encryption policy.
Peer most likely provided you with encryption details.
If not, ask them about it.
Here we're gonna use aes256-sha256-modp1536
/ip ipsec peer
add address=1.1.1.1 comment=gre-dn42-peer dh-group=modp1536 \
enc-algorithm=aes-256 hash-algorithm=sha256 local-address=2.2.2.2 secret=PASSWORD
/ip ipsec policy
add comment=gre-dn42-peer dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 proposal=dn42 protocol=gre \
sa-dst-address=1.1.1.1 sa-src-address=2.2.2.2 src-address=2.2.2.2/32GRE
Pretty straightforward here
/interface gre
add allow-fast-path=no comment="DN42 somepeer" local-address=2.2.2.2 name=gre-dn42-peer \
remote-address=1.1.1.1IPs inside the GRE tunnel
Your peer most likely provided you with IP adresses for GRE tunnel.
As I said before, you can't use /31 for PtP links, so, in the "easy way" we will be using /30.
If you want to avoid wasting a whole /30 for your peering, please check the point-to-point configuration for RouterOS
Add the IP your peer provided you:
IPv4
/ip address
add address=192.168.200.130/30 interface=gre-dn42-peer network=192.168.200.128IPv6
Here we can use /127, so it's simple:
/ipv6 address
add address=fdc8:c633:5319:3300::41/127 advertise=no interface=gre-dn42-peerIf you configured everything correctly, you should be able to ping
BGP
Filters
Both BGP and routing filters were redone from the ground up on RoS 7.x The official migration guide can be found here
It's a good idea to setup filters for BGP instances, both IN (accept advertises) and OUT (send advertises)
In this example, we will be filtering IN: 192.168.0.0/16 and 169.254.0.0/16
OUT: 192.168.0.0/16 and 169.254.0.0/16, you really don't want to advertise this networks.
This filter will not only catch /8 or /16 networks, but smaller networks inside this subnets as well.
RoS 6.x
/routing filter
add action=discard address-family=ip chain=dn42-in prefix=192.168.0.0/16 prefix-length=16-32 protocol=bgp
add action=discard address-family=ip chain=dn42-in prefix=169.254.0.0/16 prefix-length=16-32 protocol=bgp
add action=discard address-family=ip chain=dn42-out prefix=192.168.0.0/16 prefix-length=16-32 protocol=bgp
add action=discard address-family=ip chain=dn42-out prefix=169.254.0.0/16 prefix-length=16-32 protocol=bgpIf you want only DN42 connection, you can filter IN 10.0.0.0/8 (ChaosVPN / freifunk networks):
/routing filter
add action=discard address-family=ip chain=dn42-in prefix=10.0.0.0/8 prefix-length=8-32 protocol=bgpRoS 7.x
/routing filter rule
add chain=dn42-in rule="if (dst in 192.168.0.0/16 && dst-len > 16) { reject }"
add chain=dn42-in rule="if (dst in 169.254.0.0/1 && dst-len > 16) { reject }"
add chain=dn42-out rule="if (dst in 192.168.0.0/16 && dst-len > 16) { reject }"
add chain=dn42-out rule="if (dst in 169.254.0.0/1 && dst-len > 16) { reject }"If you want only DN42 connection, you can filter IN 10.0.0.0/8 (ChaosVPN / freifunk networks):
/routing filter
add chain=dn42-in rule="if (dst in 10.0.0.0 && dst-len > 8) { reject }"
BGP
Now, for actual BGP configuration.
/routing bgp instance
set default disabled=yes
add as=YOUR_AS client-to-client-reflection=no name=bgp-dn42-somename out-filter=dn42-in
router-id=1.1.1.1
Let's add some peers. Right now we have just one, but we still need two connections - to IPv4 and IPv6
IPv4:
name=dn42-somepeer-ipv4 out-filter=dn42-out remote-address=192.168.200.129 remote-as=PEER_AS
route-reflect=yes ttl=default
IPv6 (if needed):
Also, as a note, Mikrotik doesn't deal well with BGP running over link-local addresses (the address starting with fe80). You need to use a fd42:: address in your BGP session, otherwise, BGP will not install any received route.
### BGP Advertisements
You want to advertise your allocated network (most likely), it's very simple:
You can repeat that with as much IPv4 and IPv6 networks which you own.
## Split DNS
Separate dns requests for dn42 tld from your default dns traffic with L7 filter in Mikrotik.
Change network and LAN GW to mach your network configuration.
Since version 6.47 have added functionality that can redirect DNS queries according to special rules. If you used to do Layer-7 rules in the firewall, now it's simple and elegant: